What is Cas9 protein that is often mentioned in news ........

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What is Cas9 protein that is often mentioned in news?

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UPSC CSP Previous Year Paper (2019)

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A molecular scissors used in targeted gene editing

A biosensor used in the accurate detection of pathogens in patients

A gene that makes plants pest-resistant

A herbicidal substance synthesized in genetically modified crops

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Explanation:

Cas9 (CRISPR associated protein 9) is a protein which plays a vital role in the immunological defense of certain bacteria against DNA viruses, and which is heavily utilized in genetic engineering applications. Its main function is to cut DNA and therefore it can alter a cell’s genome.