Consider the following with reference to sulh i kul 1 In sulh i kul all religions and schools of tho...........

Culture of India Religious beliefs and Practises

Consider the following with reference to sulh-i kul.

1. In sulh-i kul all religions and schools of thought had freedom of expression.

2. The ideal of sulh-i kul was implemented through state policies.

3. Abu’l Fazl describes the ideal of sulh-i kul as the cornerstone of enlightened rule.

4. Practiotioners of Sulh-i-kul were free to challenge and undermine the authority of the state as long as it was done non-violently.

Select the correct answer using the codes below.

1,2&3 only

2&4 only

1&3 only

All the above

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Explanation:

Akbar ruled with a social and religious toleration which was based on his concept of sulh-i-kul (for the general good of all people) built on his liberal views of religion.
Statement 1 and 4: There was freedom of expression but on condition that they did not undermine the authority of the state or fight among themselves.
Statement 2: The ideal of sulh-i kul was implemented through state policies – the nobility under the Mughals was a composite one comprising Iranis, Turanis, Afghans, Rajputs, Deccanis – all of whom were given positions and awards purely on the basis of their service.
Statement 3: Akbar took the Sufi mystic notion of sulh-i-kul and transformed it to become a principle denoting amity- within a culturally pluralistic India.
Akbar established separation of state and religion and opened government positions to members of all religions.
Sulh- i-kul was to become his method of judging what was legally right or wrong within his empire and was created because Akbar understood that he was trying to build political institutions for predominately non-Muslim society.