Branches of government of Haryana

Executive

• The head of state of Haryana is the Governor, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the central government.
• His or her post is largely ceremonial.
• The Chief Minister is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers to run the 22 districts of Haryana across its six divisions.

Legislative

• Chandigarh is the capital of Punjab and houses the Haryana Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) and the secretariat.
• The city also serves as the capital of Haryana, and is a union territory of India.
• The present Legislative Assembly of Haryana is unicameral, consisting of 90 members of the legislative assembly (MLAs).
• Its term is five years, unless dissolved earlier.

Judicial

• The Punjab and Haryana High Court, located in Chandigarh, has jurisdiction over the whole state.

Haryana’s Legislature

• The Haryana Legislative Assembly or the Haryana Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral state legislature of Haryana state in India.
• The seat of the Vidhan Sabha at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. The Vidhan Sabha comprises 90 Members of Legislative Assembly, directly elected from single-seat constituencies.[1] The term of office is five years.
• The body was founded in 1966, when the state was created from part of the state of Punjab, by the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966.
• The house initially had 54 seats, ten reserved for scheduled castes, this was increased to 81 seats in March 1967, and to 90 seats (including 17 reserved seats) in 1977.
• Highest number of seats ever won was in 1977 when Janata Party won 75 out of 90 seats when in the aftermath of 1975-77 emergency by Indian National Congress's (INC) Indira Gandhi. INC won only 3 seats, Vishal Haryana Party and independents both won 5 seats each.
• Since the formation of Haryana in 1966, the state politics became infamously dominated by the nepotistic clans of 5 political dynasts, Lal trio (Devi Lal, Bansi Lal and Bhajan Lal) as well as the Hooda clan and Rao Birender clan.
• The infamous Aaya Ram Gaya Ram politics, named after Gaya Lal in 1967, of frequent floor-crossing, turncoating, switching parties and political horse trading within short span of time became associated with Haryana.

Presiding Officers

Designation                 Name

Governor                     Satyadeo Narain Arya

Speaker                        Gian Chand Gupta

Deputy Speaker           Ranbir Singh Gangwa

Leader of the House   Manohar Lal Khattar

Deputy Leader            Dushyant Chautala

Leader Opposition      Bhupinder Singh Hooda

Secretary                     R. K. Nandal

Haryana’s Executive

Governors of Haryana

 Chief Ministers of Haryana

 Haryana’s Judiciary

• Punjab and Haryana High Court is the common High Court for the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana and the Union Territory of Chandigarh based in Chandigarh, India.
• Past judges include Jagdish Singh Khehar, Ranjan Gogoi who were elevated to the Supreme Court of India and became Chief Justice of India.
• The court building is known as the Palace of Justice. Designed by Le Corbusier, it and several of his other works were inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites in July 2016.

Formation

• Punjab and Haryana High Court was formerly known as Lahore High Court, which was established on 21 March 1919.
• The jurisdiction of that court covered undivided Punjab and Delhi.
• From 1920 to 1943, the Court was conferred with extraterritorial jurisdiction over that part of China that formed part of the British consular district of Kashgar, which had previously been under the jurisdiction of the British Supreme Court for China.
• This ceased upon the ratification of the British-Chinese Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China.

Independence-induced split

• Following the independence of India and its Partition on 15 August 1947, a separate High Court of Punjab was created, based at historic Peterhoff building in Shimla.
• This had jurisdiction over the erstwhile territories of Patiala and East Punjab States Union and the Punjab Province of British India, which covers now areas of Indian Punjab, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana.
• From 17 January 1955, the Court was moved to its present location in Chandigarh.
• It was at Peterhoff where the trial of Nathuram Godse, who assassinated Mahatma Gandhi, took place in 1948–49.
• The creation of Himachal Pradesh on 15 August 1948 led to a separate Court of Judicial Commissioner (similar to a High Court) being established for that state and thus the jurisdiction of the Punjab court was reduced.
• A separate High Court was constituted for the Union Territory of Delhi under the Delhi High Court Act, 1966.
• Three Judges of the Punjab High Court were transferred to the Delhi High Court, which was constituted on 31 October 1966.

Renaming and relocation

• The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 paved the way for the formation of Haryana and the Union Territory of Chandigarh from 1 November 1966.
• ·Those formations also saw the renaming of the High Court of Punjab as the High Court of Punjab and Haryana.
• The Judges of the High Court of Punjab became Judges of the common High Court with all the powers and jurisdiction of the High Court of Punjab. However, the principal seat of the High Court remained at Chandigarh.
• ·Punjab and Haryana High Court at Chandigarh (also known simply as Chandigarh High Court) has original as well as appellate and supervisory jurisdiction over all matters pertaining to Chandigarh (a Union Territory and also capital of Punjab and Haryana), Punjab and Haryana.
• The High Court of Punjab and Haryana has operated since 1 November 1966 in its present form.