Which of the following statement is correct about Chauth and Sardeshmukhi under Maratha Empire ........

Ancient and Medieval History (Easy) Mughal Period

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Which of the following statement is correct about Chauth and Sardeshmukhi under Maratha Empire

Chauth was collected for the neighbouring territories of the Mughal and Deccan sultanates

Sardeshmukhi was collected for the territories within the Maratha Kingdom.

Chauth amounted to four percent of the land revenue assessment

Sardeshmukhi amounted to twenty percent of the land revenue assessment

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Explanation:

Under the Peshwas, the Marathas developed a very successful military organisation. Their success lay in by-passing the fortified areas of the Mughals, by raiding cities and by engaging Mughal armies in areas where their supply lines and reinforcements could be easily disturbed.

Between 1720 and 1761, the Maratha empire expanded. It gradually chipped away at the authority of the Mughal Empire. Malwa and Gujarat were seized from the Mughals by the 1720s. By the 1730s, the Maratha king was recognised as the overlord of the entire Deccan peninsula. He possessed the right to levy Chauth and Sardeshmukhi.
Chauth and Sardeshmukhi were the taxes collected not in the Maratha kingdom but in the neighbouring territories of the Mughal empire or Deccan sultanates. Hence statement 1 is correct
Chauth was one fourth of the land revenue paid to the Marathas in order to avoid the Maratha raids. Sardeshmukhi was an additional levy of ten percent on those lands which the Marathas claimed hereditary rights. It was demanded by Shivaji on account of being the Sardeshmukh (headman).