Explanation:

The Kula i.e. the family was the basis of both social and political organisations. Unit of Kula (the family) is headed by Kulapa. The Grama was above the Kula. A group of Kula (families) formed a Grama (the village).

In the Vedic samhitas, the term jana denotes a tribe, whose members believed in a shared ancestry. The janas were headed by a king. The samiti was a common assembly of the jana members, and had the power to elect or dethrone the king.

Gotra refers to people who are descendants of a common ancestor through their father's side. It basically means belonging to same family or group of kin. The origin of Gotra lies during Rigvedic times. Its literal meaning is cow-pen or the place to keep your cows.

The organization of villages was called "Vish", and the organization of Vish was called "Jan"

The polity of the Early Vedic period was basically a tribal polity with the tribal chief in the centre which was transformed towards Monarchy in later Vedic period. Rig Vedic society was semi-nomadic tribal society with pastoral economy.