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On the basis of the scientific study, geologists fix age of the earth as 4,600 million years. The fossils of the earliest humans found in Africa were about 4.2 million years old. The earliest human beings were shorter in height and had a smaller brain. About 42-lakhs years ago, Human being evolves and the present form reached about 50,000 years ago. The fossils found in Africa, China, Java, Sumatra, and southern Europe portray the various stages and periods of human development. In India, the only hominid fossil found from ‘Hathnaura’ in the Narmada Valley.
Till 1920, the relics of the civilization were found only in the Indus valley region; therefore, it was known as the Indus civilization. In 1920-21, the Harappan civilization was discovered in the excavations by D. R. Salini (at Harappa) and by R. D. Banerjee (at Mohenjo Daro). The remains of the civilization were first noticed at Harappa, therefore it is also known as the Harappan civilization.
Following are the important geographical facts of distribution of Harappan civilization −
The orientation of streets and buildings, according to the cardinal directions east-west, and north-south was the distinguishing factor of the Indus-Saraswati cities.Harappan city sites, including Mohenjo Daro, Harappa, Kalibangan, and Surkotada were having large gateways at various entry points of the city. These gateways are seen even in the inner fortification areas also. At Dholavira, a fallen signboard was found close to the main gateway. It is a large inscription having ten symbols each measuring approximately 37 cm high and 25 to 27 cm wide proclaimed some name or title.
Vedic literature is the most significant source of information about the Vedic civilization. The Vedic literature consists of three successive classes of literary creations, namely −
By: MIRZA SADDAM HUSSAIN ProfileResourcesReport error
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