Explanation:

As noted above, almost by definition, management takes place within the framework of an organisation. This could be a private firm, a government department or an NGO. Some organisations endure over time, whilst others are set up in order to perform a specific task and are dissolved once the task has been carried out.

There is no agreed definition of an organisation - different writers emphasise different aspects. Most definitions embrace the idea that organisations are:

• groups of people
• acting together
• in pursuit of common goals or objectives

The notion of groups of people acting together encompasses various forms of self-help and collective action. However, it is not restricted to this; rather, the emphasis is on achieving things that one individual could not achieve alone. The 'group' could be organised hierarchically if this is the most effective way to achieve the set goal.