Explanation:

1. Manufacturer-Retailer — Where the retailer as franchisee sells the franchisor's product directly to the public, (e.g., New motor vehicle dealerships). 2. Manufacturer-Wholesaler — Where the franchisee under license manufactures and distributes the franchisor's product (e.g., Soft drink bottling arrangements).
 

2. Manufacturer-Wholesaler — Where the franchisee under license manufactures and distributes the franchisor’s product (e.g., Soft drink bottling arrangements).

3. Wholesaler-Retailer — Where the retailer as franchisee purchases products for retail sale from a franchisor wholesaler (frequently a cooperative of the franchisee retailers who have formed a wholesaling company, through which they are contractually obliged to purchase (e.g., Hardware and automotive product stores).

4. Retailer-Retailer — Where the franchisor markets a service, or a product, under a common name and standardised system, through a network of franchisees. This is the classic business format franchise.