a. Philanthropy is the inclination to do or practice of doing well to ones fellow men. Man is basically self- centered and acts of these kinds stem from personal motivation, when some employers take compassion on their fellowmen, they may undertake labor welfare measures for their workers.

 b. This theory is based on man’s love for mankind. Philanthropy means “Loving mankind.” Man is believed to have an instinctive urge by which he strives to remove the suffering of others and promote their well-being. In fact, the labour welfare movement began in the early years of the industrial revolution with the support of philanthropists