Explanation:

The first period starts from 1875 and goes upto the end of the First World War.

The development of industries led to large scale production on the one hand and social evils like exploitation of women and child labor and the deplorable working conditions, the government's attitude of complete indifference in respect of protection of labor from such evils, on the other. Some of the worst features of industrialism marked the history of early factory system in India. In certain respects, conditions of labor in Indian factories were worse than in the early factories in England. There was no attempt at collective bargaining or at obtaining redress through concerted action. It was at this point that Indian humanitarians, like Sarobjee Shapurji Bengali (1875) and N.M. Lokhanday (1884), who themselves were factory workers, drew attention of the government towards the unhappy working conditions of the labourers and demanded an early legislation to protect their interests. Dr. Punekar has characterized this period as the social welfare period of early trade union movement. It was during this period that the Indian Factories Act was passed in 1881, and hen amended in 1891 and 1911, respectively. These Acts introduced some improvements in regard to shorter hours, and conditions of work for children and women labor. The entire period on the whole has been divided into two parts:

First, the Regulation Period 1875-1891 when the child and women labor in factories was regulated by legislation, such as the Factories Act of 1881, and 1891

Second, the Abolition Period 1891-1917 was when successful protest was made against the indentured system under which Indian labourers were sent out to British colonies to work as plantation labor.