Explanation:

The main elements in the development of trade unions of workers in every country have been more or less the same. The establishment of large-scale industrial units created conditions of widespread use of machinery, undertaking production with new techniques, changes in working and living conditions, environments of workers and concentration of industries in large towns. All these circumstances laid to the introduction of a new class of workers who were dependent on wages for their livelihood. Such workers were at a disadvantage in an age when the doctrine of laissez faire held the field. In the absence of collective action, they had to be content with the wages which each one of them could separately negotiable with his employer from a position of disadvantage. Under the circumstances even though individual workers protested, it could not be proven effectively, because of a plentiful supply of labour. Workers had to join together to maintain their bargaining power against the employer.