Explanation:

1. The emergence of modern industrial enterprises can be traced back to the end of the 18th century, though it developed after 1850. The new industrial activity took two forms, plantations and factory industries.
2. Real and satisfactory progress in the factory industries was began only after 1875.
3. During the next two decades, two textile units - cotton and juteflourished. Mr. Justice Ranade, studying the position of industries during this period observed,

"It was, however, only after late nineties that industrial progress all over the country began; and in the first decade of the twentieth century many mineral industries and some small miscellaneous industries came into prominence. It was also during these later years that there spread in India, the use of small machines and small engines, and also there was generally a tendency to make a great y increased use of mechanical appliances everywhere."

1. From the analysis of the factors contributed one may realize that the gradual transformation of India into a single national unit and the growth of great mercantile centres were the impacts of British rule.
2. The introduction of the English language was another factor which helped the training of a large number of young Indians. This was necessary for mastering modern scientific subjects which were necessary for gaining the technical knowledge required for industri.es and also in business organizations and management on Western lines.
3. The abolition of the monopoly of the East India Company in 1833 provided a big opportunity for the English merchants to develop trade and industry in India.
4. Foreign capital and enterprise flowed into plantations and monopolistic industries such as jute and railways.
5. The foundation for the development of large scale industries was thus laid.
6. The improvement of oceanic and inland transport system contributed to this.
7. Another major factor which contributed to this was the political developments in India and abroad.