Which among the following is the most logical rational and critical inference that can be made from ...........

English Comprehension Reading Comprehension (C)

Read the passage and answer thhe following questions

There has been a significant trend worldwide towards regionalism in government, resulting in a widespread transfer of powers downwards towards regions and communities since 1990s. This process, which involves the creation of new political entities and bodies at a sub-national level and an increase in their content and powers, is known as devolution. Devolution has been characterized as being made up of three factors—political legitimacy, decentralization of authority and decentralization of resources. Political legitimacy here means a mass demand from below for the decentralization process, which is able to create a political force for it to take place. In many cases, decentralization is initiated by the upper tier of government without sufficient political mobilization for it at the grassroots level, and in such cases the decentralization process often does not fulfil its objectives.

Which among the following is the most logical, rational and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?

Emergence of powerful mass leaders is essential to create sub-national political entities and thus successful devolution decentralization.

The upper tier of government should impose devolution and decentralization on the regional communities by law or otherwise.

Devolution, to be successful, requires a democracy in which there is free expression of the will of the people at lower level and their active participation at the grassroots level.

For devolution to take place, a strong feeling of regionalism in the masses is essential.

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Explanation:

- Option 1: The passage does not specifically emphasize that powerful mass leaders are essential for successful devolution. The focus is more on the demand from the grassroots level and less about individual leaders.

- Option 2: Imposing devolution from the top down contradicts the passage’s emphasis on political legitimacy and grassroots demand. It suggests that imposed decentralization often doesn't achieve its goals.

- Option 3: The passage underscores the importance of political legitimacy and grassroots mobilization, highlighting that successful devolution needs active participation from people at lower levels in a democracy.

- Option 4: While regionalism is a component, the major focus is on mass demand and political legitimacy rather than just a feeling of regionalism.