Which one of the following statements best reflects the most rational logical and practical message ...........

English Comprehension Reading Comprehension (C)

Directions for the following item:
Read the following passage and answer the items that follow the passages. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.

"Science by itself is not enough, there must be a force and discipline outside the sciences to coordinate them and point to ? goal. It is not possible to run a course aright when the goal itself has not been rightly placed. What science needs is philosophy the analysis of scientific method and the coordination of scientific purposes and results, without this, any science must be superficial. Government suffers, precisely like science, for lack of philosophy Philosophy bears to science the same relationship which statesmanship bears to politics movement guided by total knowledge and perspective, as against aimless and individual secking. Just as the pursuit of knowledge becomes scholasticism when divorced from the actual needs of men and life, so the pursuit of politics becomes a destructive bedlam when divorced from science and philosophy."

Which one of the following statements best reflects the most rational, logical and practical message conveyed by the passage ?

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Complete-Test, Previous year (2023)

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Modern statesmen need to be well trained in scientific methods and philosophical thinking to enable them to have a better perspective of their roles, responsibilities and goals.

It is not desirable to have Governments managed by empirical statesmen unless well mixed with others who are grounded in learning and reflect wisdom.

As the statesmen/bureaucrats are the products of a society, it is desirable to have a system of education in a society that focuses on training its citizens in scientific method and philosophical thinking from a very early age.

It is desirable that all scientists need to be philosophers as well to make their work goal-oriented and thus purposeful and useful to the society.

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Explanation:

- Option 1: This suggests that statesmen should be knowledgeable in both science and philosophy. It aligns with the passage's idea that government, like science, benefits from a philosophical perspective.

- Option 2: Advocates for a mix of empirical and wise statesmen. It doesn't capture the passage's core message about the necessity of philosophical grounding to guide both science and governance.

- Option 3: Proposes an educational system focused on science and philosophy. While related to the passage, it strays from the message about the immediate need for philosophical guidance in governance.

- Option 4: Suggests that scientists should also be philosophers. It is somewhat relevant, but the passage focuses more on the intersection of philosophy with science and politics, rather than scientists needing to be philosophers specifically.