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Directions :
Read carefully the following passage and answer items that follow the passages. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage
With steady economic growth, higher literacy and increasing skill levels, the number of Indian middle-class families has gone up exponentially. Direct results of the affluence have been changes in dietary patterns and energy consumption levels. People have moved to a higher protein-based diet like milk products, fish and meat, all of which need significantly more water to produce than cereal-based diets. Increasing use of electronic and electric machines/gadgets and motor vehicles needs more and more energy and generation of energy needs water.
Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage?
People should be persuaded to continue with the mainly Indian traditional cereal-based diets.
India needs to focus on developing agricultural productivity and capacity for more energy generation in the coming years.
Modern technological developments result in the change of cultural and social behaviour of the people.
Water management practices in India need to change dramatically in the coming years.
Answer: (d) The passage asks for the crux of the passage (and not an inference or conclusion). Option (d) is correct: Though, the use of the word, “dramatically” makes this option look extreme, it is the best option from the given set of options. The author does depict the increased water consumption in modern-day to be an issue- For example, both, dietary patterns and energy generation, require water. Hence, the passage in its crux conveys that water management practices in India need to change quite a lot (dramatically) in the coming years to sustain both aspects.
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