Context: A recent six-day survey conducted by NGO Aaranyak has shed light on the escalating human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in the Majuli River Island district of Assam.

Background: –

• Wildlife such as rhinos, wild buffaloes, wild boars, elephants, and tigers have increasingly damaged crops and livestock, posing severe risks to the largely agrarian population, nearly 90% of whom depend on agriculture for their livelihoods.

Key takeaways

• Majuli, the world’s largest river island, is situated on the Brahmaputra River in Assam.

Geographical Significance

• Formed by the fluvial action of the Brahmaputra River and its tributaries, Majuli is a dynamic landmass undergoing constant erosion and deposition.
• The island spans an area of ~352 sq. km (as per recent estimates), but continuous riverbank erosion has significantly reduced its size over the years.
• Declared as India’s first island district in 2016.

Cultural and Historical Importance

• Spiritual Hub: Majuli is known as the cradle of Neo-Vaishnavism, founded by Srimanta Sankardeva in the 15th century.
• Satras (Vaishnavite Monasteries): The island is home to several Satras, which serve as cultural and religious centers promoting Assamese traditions, art, and music. Notable ones include: Kamalabari Satra, Auniati Satra, Dakhinpat Satra.
• Traditional Art & Dance: The island is renowned for its mask-making tradition, Sattriya dance, and handloom weaving.
• Biodiversity Hotspot: Majuli hosts migratory birds, indigenous flora, and fauna, making it a vital ecotourism destination.

Source: NorthEast News