Explanation:

- International crude oil prices: Prices rose sharply in 2021-2022 due to high demand and supply disruptions, impacting wholesale prices in India.

- Decrease in economic activity post-Covid: Economic activity initially decreased during Covid, but by 2021-2022, demand was rebounding, contributing to price pressure rather than reducing it.

- Global supply chain disruption: The pandemic disrupted logistics and supply chains worldwide, causing delays and cost increases.

- High freight cost: Shipping and transportation costs increased due to supply chain issues, contributing to wholesale price inflation.

Correct Answer:

- Option 4: 1 and 4 only

- This option correctly identifies crude oil prices and high freight costs as contributors to the wholesale price inflation.

-