Explanation:

Red and yellow soil :

• Red soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall.
• The soil develops a reddish colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
• It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.
• The fine-grained red and yellow soils are normally fertile, whereas coarse-grained soils found in dry upland areas are poor in fertility.
• They are generally rich in iron but poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.
• They are porous and do not retain water. They are not fertile but responsive to fertilizers and become productive as they are low in humus.
• In India, it is found in the eastern and southern part of the Deccan Plateau.
• Along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghats, long stretch of area is occupied by red loamy soil.