Explanation:

• Correct Option: (c) Explanation: Both statements are correct Supplementary notes: VENESAT-1 Venezuela’s only geostationary communications satellite, VENESAT-1 (also known as Simon Bolivar-1), has been tumbling in an unusable orbit since 13 March 2020 after it made a number of manoeuvres.
• According to Space News, Venezuela’s satellite, VeneSat-1 satellite has been stuck for 11 days in an elliptical orbit above the geostationary arc.
• This has been observed two US companies that track satellites.
• VeneSat-1 satellite was built by Venezuelan space agency ABAE in association with China Great Wall Industry Corp.
• and launched in late 2008.
• The launch of VeneSat-1 satellite was intended to provide television and broadband services to Venezuela.
• VeneSat-1 is CGWIC’s fi rst satellite inorbit delivery contract signed with a Latin American customer, and also marks the fi rst space cooperation project between China and Venezuela.
• The VeneSat-1 Communications Satellite was designed and manufactured by China Academy of Space Technology (CAST).
• It is a communications satellite based on the DFH-4 satellite platform, and is fi tted with 28 transponders, including 14 C-band, 12 Ku-band and 2 Ka-band transponders.
• To meet the complicated coverage requirements, VeneSat-1 is fi tted with four shaped communication antennas covering South America and the Caribbean.
• The lift-off mass of VeneSat-1 is about 5050kg.
• Its end-of-life power exceeds 7.
• 75 KW and the satellite has a service life span of 15 years.
• The website further reported that both Venezuela and China planned in January this year to develop a replacement satellite titled VeneSat-2, which would continue service after VeneSat-1 retired.
• The fi rst one was expected to remain in service till atleast 2024.