Explanation:

Correct Option: (b) Explanation:  Statement 1 is incorrect: Both and community reserves and Conservation Reserves are the outcome of the amendment to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 in 2002. Supplementary Notes Conservation reserves and community reserves of India  Statement 2 is correct: Conservation reserves and community reserves in India are terms denoting protected areas of India which typically act as buffer zones to or connectors and migration corridors between established national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserved and protected forests of India.  Such areas are designated as conservation areas if they are uninhabited and completely owned by the Government of India but used for subsistence by communities and community areas if part of the lands is privately owned.  These protected area categories were fi rst introduced in the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002 − the amendment to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. These categories were added because of reduced protection in and around existing or proposed protected areas due to private ownership of land, and land use.  Statement 3 is correct: Tiruppadaimarathur conservation reserve in Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu was the fi rst conservation reserve established in 2005.  The State Government may notify any community land or private land as a Community Reserve, provided that the members of that community or individuals concerned are agreeable to offer such areas for protecting the fauna and fl ora, as well as their traditions, cultures and practices. L3