Explanation:

An extremely large earthquake with a magnitude 7.8 out of 10 on the moment magnitude scale occurred in the southeast of Turkey, near the border with Syria.

About Moment Magnitude Scale

• It is a logarithmic scale that measures the total amount of energy released by an earthquake.

• It is the only scale capable of reliably measuring the magnitudes of the largest, most destructive earthquakes (that is, greater than magnitude 8).

• It was developed in the 1970s by Japanese seismologist Hiroo Kanamori and American seismologist Thomas C. Hanks.

How is it calculated?

• The moment magnitude scale is based on the total moment release of the earthquake. 

• Moment is a product of the distance a fault moved and the force required to move it. 

• It is derived from modeling recordings of the earthquake at multiple stations. 

• Moment magnitude estimates are about the same as Richter magnitudes for small to large earthquakes. But only the moment magnitude scale is capable of measuring M8 (read "magnitude 8") and greater events accurately.

Hence both statements are correct.