What is the irony behind the over population of India ........

English Language (Defence) Reading comprehension (P)

Directions:
In this section you have few short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based in the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and opinion of the author only.

Over-population is the most pressing of India’s numerous and multi-faceted problems. In fact it has caused equally complex problems such as poverty, under-nourishment, unemployment and excessive fragmentation of land. Indisputably, this country has been facing a population explosion of crisis dimensions. It has largely diluted the fruits of the remarkable economic progress that the nation has made during the last four decades or so. The entire battle against poverty is thwarted by the rapid increase in the population. The tragedy is that while over-population accentuates poverty, the country’s stark poverty itself is in many areas a major cause of over-population.

What is the irony behind the over-population of India?

Over-population gives birth to poverty, which (poverty) itself is the cause of over-population

Under nourishment and unemployment are outcomes of flawed economic progress

Fragmentation of land is leading to over-population

Fruits of the remarkable economic progress are trickling down to the Poor

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Explanation:

An irony is an expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous effect. As stated in the last line of the passage, the irony is that over-population that causes poverty is a result of poverty itself. Thus, option 1 is the correct answer.