Explanation:

Only statements 1&3 are correct.

• Statement 1 is correct: DeepSeek is a Chinese AI company based out of Hangzhou founded by entrepreneur Liang Wenfeng.

• Owing to its optimal use of scarce resources, DeepSeek has been pitted against US AI powerhouse OpenAI, as it is widely known for building large language models. DeepSeek-V3, one of the first models unveiled by the company, earlier this month surpassed GPT-4o and Claude 3.5 Sonnet in numerous benchmarks.

• Deepseek’s R1 model uses only 2,000 GPUs compared to OpenAI’s 16,000+, reducing electricity consumption.

• Statement 2 is incorrect: Study finds Deepseek’s annual energy consumption could reach 134 terawatt hours by 2027, equal to the Netherlands’ electricity demand.

• Statement 3 is correct: DeepSeek-V3 stands out because of its architecture, known as Mixture-of-Experts (MOE).

• The MOE models are like a team of specialist models working together to answer a question, instead of a single big model managing everything.

• The DeepSeek-V3 model is trained on 14.8 trillion tokens, which includes large, high-quality datasets that offer the model greater understanding of language and task-specific capabilities.

• Additionally, the model uses a new technique known as Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) to enhance efficiency and cut costs of training and deployment, allowing it to compete with some of the most advanced models of the day.

Hence option 2nd is correct.