Explanation:

 Correct Option: (b) Explanation:  Statement 3 is incorrect: The Paris Collaborative on Green Budgeting was launched in 2017 by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Supplementary notes: Green Budgeting  Environmentally responsive or green budgeting means using the tools of budgetary policy-making to help achieve environmental goals. This includes evaluating environmental impacts of budgetary and fi scal policies and assessing their coherence towards the delivery of national and international commitments. Green budgeting can also contribute to informed, evidence-based debate and discussion on sustainable growth.  Incorporating environmental dimensions into fi scal frameworks, including the annual budget document, evaluation of tax and expenditure policies and longterm sustainability analysis, will help governments to become more accountable for their environmental commitments and support them in transforming towards sustainable and resilient societies.  Green budgeting will support governments in achieving environmental goals by:  Evaluating environmental impacts of budgetary and fi scal policies  Assessing their coherence towards the delivery of national and international commitments  Contributing to informed, evidence-based debate and discussion on sustainable growth  Green budgeting tools help gather evidence on how budget measures impact environmental and climate objectives. The tools may include:  Green budget tagging – Classifying budget measures according to their environmental and/or climate impact  Environmental impact assessments – Requiring environmental impact assessments to accompany new budget measures  Ecosystem services, including carbon pricing – Putting a price on environmental externalities, such as greenhouse gas emissions, often through taxes and emissions trading systems, to facilitate achievement of national environmental and climate goals  Green perspective to spending review – Incorporating consideration of the impact of measures on national environmental and climate goals alongside considerations of effi ciency  Green perspective in performance setting – Integrating performance objectives related to national environmental and climate goals  The Paris Collaborative on Green Budgeting (PCGB), launched in 2017, is convened by the OECD and serves as a multi-disciplinary platform for focused research and analysis to help governments at all levels embed consideration of climate and environmental goals within their budget frameworks.