Human conscience is the eventual habitation of time and it lies within us and we are not in time. The continuous cycle of change reflected in day and night is a dreamed up reality. Our mundane existence revolves around one dimensional and chronologically divided serial time which has no relation with real time. Life draws its sustenance from pure duration which manifests itself only in present which is eternal and its division in past and future are simply despicable. This is the creative exploration of the potential of time which seeks to add creative dimension to Henri Bergson's theory of time and consciousness articulated by a creative genius of undivided India, Iqbal (1877­ 1938). His stunningly designed repertoire of ideas wrapped in evocative poetic idiom prompted a number of eminent European critics, not Orientalist alone, to explicate his oeuvre. Iqbal’s aura It looks incredible to note that as many as 400 European scholars and critics got themselves engaged with Iqbal’s poetry . Many prominent and highbrow critics who hardly turn attention to the authors and poets of oriental languages such as Herbert Reed, E. M. Forster, R. A. Nicholson, J. C. Burgel, L. S. May, Nataliya A. Prigarina, J. Marek, LuceClaude Maitre, A. J. Arberry, Annemarie Schlimmel, Busani Alessandro, V.G. Kiernen, Carlo Coppola and Wilfred Cantwell Smith wrote highly incisive and perceptive books, monographs and articles which are braced for grappling with the unsettling questions raised by Iqbal.

The awe-inspiring critical appreciation and translations of Iqbal in many European languages is brilliantly pieced together and astutely narrated by an erudite scholar, translator and visiting professor of the University of Leicester, Professor Abdur Raheem Kidwai in his book “Jalwa anish­e­Ferang” that appeared recently. Professor Kidwai’s thorough grounding in English, Urdu, Persian and Arabic literature enabled him to produce an engrossing and insightful account of Iqbal’s poetry and its translations.

Answer the following questions from the above passage-

Questions-

1. What type of cycle is day and night?

2. When does life appear to us ?

3. Who is the creative talent of India and tells about his creations ?

4. How many critics did Iqbal inspire ?

5. In which languages has professor Abdul Rahim kidwai presented his book ?