The era of low tariffs for Indian consumers seems to have ended as major telcos Vodafone Idea Limited (VIL), Bharti Airtel Limited and Reliance Jio have increased tariffs by up to 40% for prepaid customers. While VIL and Sunil Bharti Mittal­led Bharti Airtel have decided to hike the tariffs with effect from December 3, Mukesh Ambani’s Reliance Jio has decided to implement the hike from December 6. The three telecommunication giants together account for over 90% of India’s 1.18 billion mobile subscribers, with the market share of around 30% each split evenly among them. “New plans will be available across India starting 00:00 hours of December 3, 2019,” a Vodafone Idea statement said. Bharti Airtel’s statement read: “Airtel’s new plans represent tariff increases in the range of a mere 50 paise/ day to 2.85/day and offer generous data and calling benefits.”Both Vodafone Idea and Bharti Airtel announced new prepaid plans starting with options of 2 days, 28 days, 84 days and 365 days validity and prices starting from 19 and going up to 2,399. Reliance Jio is yet to announce its new plans. Reliance Jio’s new tariffs will be priced 40% higher, but the company promises to offer 300% more benefits to its customers. “Jio will be introducing new all­in­one plans with unlimited voice and data. These plans will have a fair usage policy for calls to other mobile networks. The new plans will be effective from 6th December 2019,” the company said in a statement. The hike in tariffs comes after VIL and Bharti Airtel posted record quarterly losses of ?50,922 crore and 23,045 crores respectively owing to an adverse Supreme Court ruling on the adjusted gross revenue

(AGR).Both Vodafone Idea and Bharti Airtel also have an outstanding debt of over 1 lakh crore each. 

Answer the following questions from the above passage-

Q1. Why the era of low tariffs for Indian consumers seems to have ended? 

Q2. What is the market share of these three telecommunications? 

Q3. What are the new plans of Vodafone Idea and Bharti Airtel? 

Q4. What plans will be introducing by Jio? 

Q5. What is the debt of Vodafone Idea and Bharti Airtel?