The recent encounter, at Handwara in northern Kashmir, where Indian security forces took on terrorists, left five security personnel, including a colonel, dead. This has once again brought to the fore the terrorist threat emanating from Pakistan. Analysts of terrorism are well aware of the paradox that Pakistan is both possibly the leading perpetrator of terrorism and a major victim of the same menace. This contradiction can be traced to the deliberate policy of the Pakistani state to create and foster terrorist groups in order to engage in low intensity warfare with its neighbours. Pakistan first operationalized this strategy in regard to Afghanistan following the overthrow of Zahir Shah by his cousin Daud Khan in 1973 and intensified it with the cooperation of the U.S. and Saudi Arabia after the Marxist coup of 1978. The Soviet withdrawal in 1989 left the Pakistani military with a large surplus of Islamist fighters that it had trained and armed. Islamabad decided to use this “asset” to intensify the insurgency in the Kashmir Valley. However, the decade­long Afghan “jihad” had also radicalized a substantial segment of the Pakistani population, especially in the North-west Frontier Province and Punjab, as well as augmented sectarian divisions not only between Sunnis and Shias but also among various Sunni sects especially between the puritanical Deobandis and the more syncretic and Sufi­oriented Barelvis. In the process, a number of home-grown terrorist groups emerged that the Pakistan Army co­opted for its use in Kashmir and the rest of India. But, it soon became clear that Pakistan had created a set of Frankenstein’s monsters some of whom turned against their creator especially after the Musharraf government, under American pressure, decided to collaborate with the latter in the overthrow of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. But not all terrorist groups acted in this way. Lashkar­e­Taiba (LeT), the group involved in the latest terrorist encounter in Handwara, is a classic example of a “loyalist” terrorist organisation that has played by the rules set by the Pakistani military. 

Answer the following questions from the above passage-

Q1. Where the Indian Security forces took on terrorists? 

Q2. What are the paradox about Pakistan? 

Q3. Where Pakistan first operationalized his strategy of create and foster terrorist groups in order to engage in low intensity warfare with its neighbours? 

Q4. Which " Asset" Islamabad decided to use to intensify the insurgency in the Kashmir Valley? 

Q5. Why Let is the "loyalist" Terrorist organisation?