Context: Recently, Microsoft has introduced Majorana 1, the world's first quantum chip powered by a Topological Core architecture, which aims to revolutionize quantum computing. 

• It is the world's First quantum chip to be powered by new topological core architecture. 

• It will revolutionize the development of quantum computers because it more stable and scalable quantum computing components. 

About Majorana 

• It is the first quantum chip to utilize a Topoconductor (Topological Superconductor), creating a new state of matter beyond solids, liquids, or gases, but a topological state. 

• It is composed of indium arsenide (a semiconductor) and aluminum (a superconductor), enabling enhanced quantum stability and performance. 

• The chip relies on Majorana fermions that act as their own antiparticles. 

• It features eight qubits, but its Topological Core architecture enables error-resistant scaling to one million qubits, ensuring stable quantum computations. 

• Unlike classical computers using binary bits (0s and 1s), quantum computers use qubits, which exist in multiple states simultaneously, enabling exponentially faster computations. 

• Applications: Could help in breaking down microplastics, creating self-healing materials, improving healthcare solutions, and solving complex chemistry and materials science problems.

Key Significance

• It requires fewer qubits (or quantum bit) than rival chips and also has error rates are lower compared to other rival chips like Google (Willow), IBM, etc.

• Note: Qubit is the basic unit of information in quantum computing.

• Combining with AI can deliver transformative and real-world solutions such as breaking down microplastics into harmless byproducts, etc.