Which of the following items is not included while estimating national Income by Income method ........

Which of the following items is not included while estimating national Income by Income method?

Rent

Mixed income

Fixed investment

Undistributed profits

- Rent: Part of national income as it represents the income received by property owners.

- Mixed Income: Refers to income of self-employed individuals, and is included in national income estimation.

- Fixed Investment: Not an income; it represents expenditure on assets. It does not form part of the income method but rather in expenditure method.

- Undistributed Profits: Also part of national income. It refers to the portion of profits not distributed to shareholders but retained by the firm.

Fixed investment is not included in income method calculation.

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