Explanation:

- Socialization: This involves integrating individuals into the community, often focusing on developing social skills. It is not directly related to making education expensive.

- Privatization: Refers to the transition from public to private control, often leading to increased costs for education due to profit-driven motives. This makes education less accessible to poorer individuals.

- Both a and b: The combination of socialization and privatization is not applicable here, as socialization does not relate to the expensive nature of education.

- None of these: This indicates that none of the options apply, which isn’t correct in this context.

Answer: Option 2 - Privatization