Explanation:

- Gathering and analysing market information:

- Involves collecting data about market trends, customer preferences, and competitors.

- Helps in making informed business decisions.

- Marketing planning:

- Creating strategies to achieve marketing goals.

- Includes setting objectives and outlining actions like increasing production and promotion.

- ?? Correct Answer: Marketing planning.

- Product designing and development:

- Focuses on creating new products or improving existing ones.

- Involves design, technical specifications, and innovation.

- Packaging and labelling:

- Involves designing the physical packaging and creating labels for the product.

- Aims to attract customers and provide necessary product information.