Explanation:

- Option 1: Jawaharlal Nehru

- First Prime Minister of India.

- Known for his role in establishing the Planning Commission.

- Played a significant role in shaping India's economic policy.

- Option 2: Mahatma Gandhi

- Leader of the Indian independence movement.

- Advocated for self-sufficient rural communities.

- Not involved directly with centralized economic planning.

- Option 3: Mahalanobis

- P.C. Mahalanobis, an Indian statistician.

- Instrumental in formulating the Second Five-Year Plan.

- Known as the architect of Indian planning.

- Option 4: M Visvesvaraya

- Eminent engineer and statesman.

- Advocate of economic planning in pre-Independence India.

- Known for his works in the field of engineering and public works.