Explanation:

Recently, the Supreme Court upheld the High Court of Madras's judgment that had quashed the 10.5 percent special internal reservation provided by the Tamil Nadu government to Vanniyars, a most backward caste (MBC). The bench referred to the Supreme Court ruling in the Indra Sawhney case which had stated that ‘caste can be the starting point but not the sole basis for reservation. Statement 1 is not correct: Vanniyakula Kshatriya community includes vanniyar, vanniya, vanniyar gounder, gounder, padayachi, Palli, and agnikula Kshatriya. 28% population in Tamil Nadu and 65% population in Pondicherry belong to the Vannia Kula Kshatriyar caste. They are found in the northern part of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Statement 2 is correct: Even as backward communities such as Thevars and Gounders are largely seen as Tamil Nadu’s socially and politically powerful communities, Vanniyars were one of the largest and most consolidated backward communities that had a consistency in retaining political representation from 1940s and 1950s.