Explanation:

• The British conquest led to the deindustrialization of the country and increased dependence of the people on agriculture. No figures for the earlier period are available but, according to Census Reports, between 1901 and 1941 alone the percentage of population dependent on agriculture increased from 63.7 percent to 70 percent. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

• The ruin of Indian industries, particularly rural artisan industries, proceeded even more rapidly once the railways were built. The railways enabled British manufactures to reach, and uproot the traditional industries in the remotest villages of the country. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.

• Most of the modern Indian industries were owned or controlled by British capital. Only in the cotton textile industry did the Indians have a large share from the beginning, and in the 1930s, the sugar industry was developed by the Indians.

• Another serious weakness of Indian industrial effort was the almost complete absence of heavy or capital goods industries, without which there can be no rapid and independent development of industries. India had no big plants to produce iron and steel or to manufacture machinery. A few petty repair workshops represented engineering industries and a few iron and brass foundries represented metallurgical industries. The first steel in India was produced only in 1913. Thus India lacked such basic industries as steel, metallurgy, machine, chemical, and oil. India also lagged behind in the development of electric power. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.