Context: Migrants seeking entry into the US continue to resort to the infamous Darien Gap, an unforgiving expanse of jungle between Panama and Colombia. They are led by unscrupulous human traffickers who prey on their desire to seek a better life.

Background: –

• The majority of migrants hail from Latin America and are fleeing poverty, economic instability, and political turmoil in their home countries. However, an increasing number of people from Asian countries like India have frequented this route, spending large amounts of money.

Key takeaways

• Location: The Darien Gap is a dense, roadless jungle region on the border of Panama and Colombia.
• Physical Features: It consists of swamps, rainforests, and rugged mountains, making it one of the most inaccessible regions in the world.
• Obstacle to the Pan-American Highway: This is the only missing section (about 106 km) in the otherwise continuous Pan-American Highway, which extends from Alaska to Argentina.

Strategic & Geopolitical Importance

• Migration Route: It has become a major passage for migrants from South America, Africa, and even Asia attempting to reach North America.
• Security Issues: The area is notorious for drug trafficking, organized crime, and armed groups operating in the region.
• Environmental Conservation vs. Development: Proposals to build roads through the Darien Gap face opposition due to concerns about deforestation, indigenous rights, and biodiversity loss.

Environmental & Ecological Concerns

• Biodiversity Hotspot: It is home to endangered species and a vital part of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor.
• Portions of the Darién Gap are protected as national parks and reserves, such as Darién National Park in Panama, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Climate Change & Deforestation: Logging, illegal settlements, and infrastructure development threaten the unique ecosystem.
• Indigenous Communities: Several indigenous tribes, including the Emberá and Wounaan, inhabit the region and rely on traditional means for survival.

Source: Indian Express