There are 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups in India, which of the following tribe is not included in PVTGs :
1. Birhor
2. Bondo Poroja
3. Soura
How many of the above tribes are not under PVTG ?
Only one
Incorrect AnswerOnly two
Incorrect AnswerOnly three
Incorrect AnswerExplanation:
Explanation :
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups
PVTG or the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups are the most vulnerable among the tribal groups. PVTGs are identified by the Government of India as a primitive group of tribals for the convenience of delivering services through different policies and interventions. The PVTGs in India were first identified by the Dhebar Commission.
Distribution of PVTGs in India
The PVTGs have been majorly identified in 18 states and the union territory of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. They are largely distributed in different parts of India as per the 2011 census data:
| Name of the States/Union Territories |
PVTGs Tribes |
| Andhra Pradesh and Telangana |
Bodo Gadaba, Bodo Poroja, Chenchu, Dongria Khond, Gutob Gadaba, Khond Poroja, Kolam, Kondareddis, Konda Savaras, Parengi Poroja, Thoti. |
| PVTG in Jharkhand & Bihar |
Asurs, Birhor, Birja, Hill Kharia, Konvas, Mal Paharia, Savar |
| Gujarat |
Kathodi, Kohvalia, Padhar, Siddi, Kolgha |
| Karnataka |
Jenu Kuruba, Koraga |
| Kerala |
Cholanaikayan, Kadar, Kattunayakan, Kurumbas, Koraga |
| Madhya Pradesh and Chattisgarh |
Abujh Macias, Baigas, Bharias, Hill Korbas, Kamars, Saharias, Birhor |
| Maharashtra |
Katkaria, Kolam, Maria Gond |
| Manipur |
Marram Nagas |
| PVTG in Odisha |
Birhor, Bondo, Didayi, Dongria-Khond, Juangs, Kharias, Lodhas, Mankidias, Paudi Bhuyans, Lanjia Sauras |
| Rajasthan |
Seharias |
| Tamil Nadu |
Kattunayakans, Kotas, Kurumbas, Irulas, Paniyans, Todas |
| Tripura |
Reangs |
| Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand |
Buxas, Rajis |
| PVTG in Andaman and Nicobar |
Great Andamanese, Jarawas, Onges, Sentinelese, Shorn Pens |
PVTG Criteria for Livelihoods
The livelihood options for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups cover a wide range that entails food gathering, collection of non-timber forest produce, hunting, shifting cultivation, livestock farming, and artisan works. The non-timber forest produce includes the products like honey, gum, amla, bamboo, shrubs, fuelwood, dry leaves, nuts, sprouts, wax, medicinal plants, roots, and tubers.
- The major objective behind the collection of forest products is consumption.
- The extra amount of products that are left after consumption is sold to the middlemen. The PVTGs are victims of exploitation by the middlemen.
- The prominent changes in the environment that have a huge impact on the forests accompanied by the legislation regarding the conservation of forests are serious challenges to the interests of the PVTGs.
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By: Sapna meena