Consider the following statements regarding revolutionary activities in British India 1 The revoluti...........

Indian Freedom Struggle Developments

Consider the following statements regarding revolutionary activities in British India:

1. The revolutionaries tried to organize a mass revolution after all avenues of peaceful protest were blocked by the British.

2. Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose were involved in an incident of throwing bomb at Viceroy Hardinge.

3. Sandhya and Kal were the prominent newspapers advocating revolutionary terrorism.

4. Abhinava Bharat was a secret society of revolutionaries organized by V.D. Savarkar.

Which of the above statements are correct?

1, 3 and 4 only

1 and 2 only

3 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3 only

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Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The revolutionaries didn’t try to organize a mass revolution but instead copied the methods of Irish and Russian Nihilists via individual action.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki threw a bomb at a carriage which they believed was occupied by Kingsford, the unpopular Judge at Muzzaffarpur.
Growth of Revolutionary Terrorism Government repression and frustration caused by the failure of the political struggle ultimately resulted in revolutionary terrorism.
The youth of Bengal were angered by offi cial arrogance and repression and were fi lled with burning hatred for foreign rule.
They found all avenues of peaceful protest and political action blocked and out of desperation they fell back upon the cult of the bomb.
They no longer believed that passive resistance could achieve nationalist aims.
The revolutionary young men did not try to generate a mass revolution.
Instead, they decided to copy the methods of the Irish terrorists and the Russian Nihilists, that is, to assassinate unpopular offi cials via individual action .
A beginning had been made in this direction when in 1897 the Chapekar brothers assassinated two unpopular British offi cials at Poona.
In 1904, V. D.Savarkar had organized the Abhinava Bharat, a secret society of revolutionaries.
After 1905, several newspapers had begun to advocate, revolutionary terrorism.
The Sandhya and the Yugantar in Bengal and the Kal in Maharashtra were the most prominent among them.
In December I907 an attempt was made on the life of the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, and in April 1908 Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki threw a bomb at a carriage which they believed was occupied by Kingsford, the unpopular Judge at Muzzaffarpur.
Soon terrorist societies became active in the rest of the country also.
They became so bold as to throw a bomb at the Viceroy Lord Hardinge, while he was riding on an elephant in a state procession at Delhi.
The terrorists also established centres ‘of activity abroad.
‘In London the lead was taken by Shyamji Krishnavarma, V. D.Savarkar, and Har Dayal, while in Europe Madam Cama and Ajit Singh were the prominent leaders.
Topic: Modern History Sub-Topic: Revolutionary activities in British India