Explanation:

• Recent Context: In a major push to declare Kaliveli wetlands, the second-largest brackish water lake in South India after Pulicat lake, a bird sanctuary, the Villupuram district administration has issued the first declaration under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
• Kaliveli Lake or Kaliveli Lagoon: Located close to Marakkanam on the East Coast Road, the Kaliveli Lake, spread over an expanse of 670 sq.
• km of catchment area, is said to be one of the major wetlands on the Coromandel Coast after the Pulicat Lake.
• The lake is connected to the Bay of Bengal by the Uppukalli Creek and the Edayanthittu sanctuary and is visited for nesting by migratory birds on the Central Asian flyway.
• The southern part of the wetland has been reserved land since 2001.
• It is a seasonal wetland, with a gradient from freshwater to brackish water.
• It is currently threatened by encroachment from agricultural fields, wildlife poaching, loss of the surrounding forests, and increased commercial prawn farming.
• As per a report by the Indian Bird Conservation Network and BirdLife International, it supports around 20,000 birds every year.
• It works as a feeding ground for long-distance migrants who migrate from the cold subarctic Central Asia and Siberia.
• Some of the migratory birds include Black-tailed Godwits, White Stork, Eurasian Curlew, Ruff, and Dublin.
• These factors lead to demand for upgrading the wetland into a bird sanctuary.
• Hence option (c) is the correct answer.