Explanation:

Climate Risk Index (CRI) 2025

• The international environmental think tank ‘Germanwatch’ has released the CRI 2025. 

• It ranks countries based on their vulnerability to extreme weather events, assessing human and economic losses caused by climate-induced disasters. 

• Frequency: Released annually since 2006, covering data from the past 30 years. 

• Methodology & Criteria: CRI assesses the impacts of extreme weather events on countries across six key indicators:  

• Economic losses, fatalities, and affected people, both in absolute and relative terms. 

• Impact on India: India ranked 6th most affected country (1993-2022), accounting for 80,000 fatalities (10% of global) due to extreme weather events and 4.3% of global economic losses (USD 180 billion). 

• India has faced severe floods (1993, 2013, 2019), intense heat waves (~50°C in 1998, 2002, 2003, 2015), and destructive cyclones like Gujarat (1998), Odisha (1999), Hudhud (2014), and Amphan (2020). 

Hence option 3rd is correct.