Explanation:

Exp: 

• Statement 1 is incorrect: It is too difficult to fix the exact dates of the birth and death of the great reformers Vardhamana Mahavira and Gautama Buddha. According to one tradition, Vardhamana Mahavira was born in 540 BC in a village near Vaishali.

  • His father Siddhartha was the head of the famous kshatriya clan, and his mother, Trishala was the sister of the Lichchhavi chief Chetaka, whose daughter was married to BImbisara. Thus, Mahavira’s family was connected with the royal family of Magadha, and such high connections made it easy for him to approach princes and nobles in the course of his mission.

• Statement 2 is correct: Gautama Buddha or Siddhartha was a contemporary of Mahavira. According to tradition he was born in 567 BC in Shakya kshatriya family in Lumbini in Nepal near Kapilvastu, which is identified with Piprahwa in Basti district. GFuatama’s father seems to have been elected ruler of Kapilvastu, and headed the Shakya republican clan. His mother was a princess from the Koshalan dynasty. 

• Statement 3 is correct: The Jainas believed that their most important religious teacher Mahavira had twenty-three predecessors who were called tirthankaras. Some Jainas believed that Rishabhadeve was the first tirthankara pr teacher of Jainism. 

  • The earliest important teachings of Jainism are attributed to Parshvanatha, the twenty third tirthankara, who hailed from Banaras, abandoned royal life, and became an ascetic.